Cognitive biases
Re-Evaluating Problem Statements
Re-Evaluating Problem Statements
Use this directive when a client presents with rigid, all-or-nothing thinking about a problem or their self-concept. It is best applied in situations where their initial framing of an issue is absolute and self-defeating, leading to inaction or distress. The tool is effective for interrupting the cycle of rumination by methodically dismantling the client’s initial, unexamined declaration of fact. This process moves them from a state of certainty about the problem to curiosity about its components.
The mechanism works by systematically guiding the client to challenge their own conclusions. Instead of accepting a defeating statement at face value, they are prompted to examine it from multiple, distinct angles. This structured inquiry helps them develop more nuanced and accurate assessments of the situation. By generating alternative interpretations and identifying available resources, the client can develop a more adaptive and resourceful approach to problem-solving.
Re-Evaluating Problem Statements
| Method | Problem Statement | Directive Question |
|---|---|---|
| Finding Exceptions | “I always fail at everything I do.” | “List specific situations where you have succeeded.” |
| Breaking It Down | “I can’t handle this problem. It’s too difficult.” | “What are the smaller, manageable parts of this problem?” |
| Examining Evidence | “I’m worthless. I’ll never be good enough.” | “List objective evidence that contradicts this belief.” |
| Assessing the Aftermath | “This setback means I’m a failure.” | “What can be learned from this, and what new possibilities does it create?” |
| Learning from the Process | “I made a mistake, and it’s a disaster.” | “How is this mistake a source of useful information for your next action?” |
| Projecting Forward | “I’m stuck in this miserable situation forever.” | “How will this situation and your feelings about it look in one month? One year?” |
| Adopting a New Viewpoint | “Nobody understands what I’m going through.” | “How would someone you respect view this situation?” |
| Alternative Explanations | “I’m always the victim in every situation.” | “What are three other ways to interpret this situation and the roles involved?” |
| Inventorying Resources | “I don’t have the skills to overcome this challenge.” | “List your skills, knowledge, and the people who can help you with this.” |
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